Retirement is a life journey

Retirees’ needs differ according to their age. The needs of a 66-year-old differ from those of an 86-year-old. Dr Elisabeth Kübler-Ross, an American-Swiss psychologist, has summarised the life journey’s five phases of retirement as follows:

• The phase of imagination. This period covers the 15 years or more before retirement when people start to imagine or visualise what their retirement will look like one day and how they will enjoy it. This is when they actively plan what finances they will need to enjoy their planned retirement.

• The phase of anticipation. This period begins about five years before retirement. Excitement increases as the retirement date approaches and more specific plans for enjoying retirement are made. Travels are identified and a possible retirement address is discussed. Appointments are made with a financial adviser to determine whether sufficient retirement funds will be available for the planned retirement.

• Liberation. The planned day of retirement has dawned and you experience mixed feelings about the freedom of retirement, the loss of the security of a permanent job with an income and your dependence on your retirement income. The excitement of the new freedom accompanying retirement is estimated to last about two years.

• The phase of reorientation. During this period, the new circumstances of life and opportunities of retirement are enjoyed. These new challenges bring new happiness. Although health and financial issues arise, most retirees enjoy this period which lasts about 15 years.

• The phase of adaptation: During the following years, adaptation occurs, along with the acceptance of an increase in illnesses and restricted movement as part of the limitations of old age. The increasing loss of loved ones and the resulting grief and longing become a part of your existence. More attention is given to the bequeathing of affluence.

Retirement is not a solo journey without the family

With retirees now reaching higher ages, even four-generation families including parents, children, grandchildren and great-grandchildren are becoming more common. Multigenerational families living in the same city, town or even household ensure that ageing family members do not become isolated or lonely. This prevents retirement from being a solo journey without social support.



Because of the reality that large numbers of young people are leaving South Africa to go work within an established economy internationally, many local retired parents’ children live in other countries. The advanced digital age in which we live, fortunately, makes it easy to maintain contact with overseas family members, but this does not replace personal familial care.